{"id":193,"date":"2016-09-13T18:25:25","date_gmt":"2016-09-13T17:25:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nemnozdoma.cz\/?page_id=193"},"modified":"2025-02-22T17:06:23","modified_gmt":"2025-02-22T16:06:23","slug":"poruchy","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/nemnozdoma.cz\/?page_id=193","title":{"rendered":"Poruchy chov\u00e1n\u00ed ps\u016f odebran\u00fdch z mno\u017e\u00edren"},"content":{"rendered":"
U 83 % ps\u016f z mno\u017e\u00edren byly zaznamen\u00e1ny poruchy chov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong>, uk\u00e1zala studie z roku 2011 Mental health of dogs formerly used as \u2018breeding stock\u2019 in commercial breeding establishments<\/em>, kter\u00e1 byla v\u016fbec prvn\u00edm kvantitativn\u00edm v\u00fdzkumem zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edm se t\u00e9matem ps\u016f z mno\u017e\u00edren.<\/h5>\n

C\u00edlem t\u00e9to studie bylo ov\u011b\u0159it zpr\u00e1vy o tom, \u017ee u velk\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed ps\u016f odebran\u00fdch z nevhodn\u00fdch podm\u00ednek mno\u017e\u00edren, jsou vykazov\u00e1ny trval\u00e9 abnormality v chov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/strong> K ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed byla pou\u017eita metoda C-BARQ, dotazn\u00edky, podle kter\u00fdch je mo\u017en\u00e9 z\u00edskat kvantitativn\u00ed v\u00fdsledky ohledn\u011b \u0161irok\u00e9 \u0159ady rys\u016f v chov\u00e1n\u00ed ps\u016f.<\/p>\n

Do v\u00fdzkumu bylo zapojeno 1169 ps\u016f odebran\u00fdch z mno\u017e\u00edren r\u016fzn\u00fdch plemen, z nich\u017e nejv\u00edc p\u0159evl\u00e1dali bi\u0161onci. 70 % vzorku tvo\u0159ily feny.<\/p>\n

V pr\u016fm\u011bru pak tito psi \u017eili ji\u017e dva roky u nov\u00fdch adoptivn\u00edch rodin. Je pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee tito psi b\u011bhem pobytu v mno\u017e\u00edrn\u011b ji\u017e odchovali \u0161t\u011b\u0148ata. Naproti tomu jako kontroln\u00ed vzorek slou\u017eili psi, kte\u0159\u00ed prokazateln\u011b z mno\u017e\u00edren nepoch\u00e1zeli.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledky studie – v\u00edce strachu, nervozity, patologick\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h4>\n

Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed rozd\u00edly v chov\u00e1n\u00ed mezi psy z mno\u017e\u00edren a psy \u2013 dom\u00e1c\u00edmi mazl\u00ed\u010dky byly na z\u00e1klad\u011b C-BARQ testu nalezeny ve dvaceti z t\u0159iceti \u0161esti<\/strong> zkouman\u00fdch variant chov\u00e1n\u00ed. Poruchy chov\u00e1n\u00ed byly zaznamen\u00e1ny u 83,1 procent ps\u016f z mno\u017e\u00edren v porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s 56,0 procenty ps\u016f \u2013 dom\u00e1c\u00edch mazl\u00ed\u010dk\u016f.<\/p>\n

Obecn\u011b psi z mno\u017e\u00edren projevovali v\u00edce strachu, nervozity a patologick\u00e9ho chov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> (definov\u00e1no jako chov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je obvykle zp\u016fsobeno \u010delen\u00edm n\u011bjak\u00e9mu probl\u00e9mu \u010di konfliktu, ale n\u00e1sledn\u011b je vytr\u017eeno z kontextu a st\u00e1v\u00e1 se \u010dasto opakovan\u00fdm, p\u0159ehnan\u00fdm a trval\u00fdm; nap\u0159. m\u016f\u017eeme jmenovat up\u0159en\u00fd pohled do pr\u00e1zdna). Tak\u00e9 se u ps\u016f z mno\u017e\u00edren objevovaly probl\u00e9my se zne\u010di\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00edm dom\u00e1cnosti<\/strong> v dob\u011b, kdy se vyskytovali sami doma. Rozd\u00edl byl t\u00e9\u017e ve zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 sensitivit\u011b na dotek<\/strong>, kterou je mo\u017eno p\u0159ipisovat nedostate\u010dn\u00e9mu lidsk\u00e9mu kontaktu v dob\u011b pobytu v mno\u017e\u00edrn\u011b. Ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s kontroln\u00edm vzorkem pak psi z mno\u017e\u00edren vykazovali m\u00e9n\u011b agrese, vzru\u0161ivosti, energie, snahy o pron\u00e1sledov\u00e1n\u00ed drobn\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159at a o snahy o \u00fat\u011bky.<\/p>\n

8x vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed strach<\/h4>\n

Nejv\u00edce stoj\u00ed za pozornost markantn\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed stupn\u011b strachu<\/strong>. Ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s kontroln\u00edm vzorkem byl strach z ciz\u00edch lid\u00ed a p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f osmkr\u00e1t vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed<\/strong> ne\u017e u ps\u016f \u2013 dom\u00e1c\u00edch mazl\u00ed\u010dk\u016f. Podobn\u011b z\u00e1sadn\u00ed rozd\u00edl byl tak\u00e9 u nervozity ze schod\u016f \u2013 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u0161estkr\u00e1t vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed<\/strong> ne\u017e u kontroln\u00edho vzorku. Mnoho ze ps\u016f z mno\u017e\u00edren za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 strach nebo \u00fazkost (z ciz\u00edch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f, lid\u00ed, ze schod\u016f, z doteku) trvale<\/strong> dokonce po n\u011bkolika letech po odebr\u00e1n\u00ed z mno\u017e\u00edren a jejich um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed do nov\u00e9ho domova.<\/p>\n

Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee psi z mno\u017e\u00edren vykazovali v\u00fdrazn\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed stupe\u0148 agrese ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s kontroln\u00edmi vzorky, a to o 60 procent v\u016f\u010di tomu, co neznaj\u00ed. Agrese v\u016f\u010di jin\u00fdm ps\u016fm byla o 58 procent ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed u ps\u016f, kter\u00e9 znali, a o 70 procent ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed u ps\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed pro n\u011b byli nezn\u00e1m\u00ed. O 53 procent byla tak\u00e9 u ps\u016f z mno\u017e\u00edren ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed vzru\u0161ivost. Schopnost cvi\u010dit pak byla u ps\u016f z mno\u017e\u00edren ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed dokonce o 75 procent<\/strong>.\u00a0 To je pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b zp\u016fsobeno naprosto minim\u00e1ln\u00ed stimulac\u00ed ps\u016f v dob\u011b pob\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed v mno\u017e\u00edrn\u011b, kdy pes k \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9mu tr\u00e9ninku ani v\u00fdkon\u016fm nen\u00ed veden.<\/p>\n

Ot\u00e1zkou je, nakolik jsou v\u00fdsledky tohoto pr\u016fzkumu ovlivn\u011bn\u00e9 zastoupen\u00fdm pom\u011brem ps\u00edch plemen. Ve studii bylo p\u0159es 30 procent ps\u016f tvo\u0159eno z\u00e1stupci plemene bi\u0161onek, kter\u00fd je podle standardu AKC popisov\u00e1n jako \u201elehce zvl\u00e1dnuteln\u00fd, citliv\u00fd, hrav\u00fd, p\u0159\u00edtuln\u00fd, s vesel\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edstupem\u201c.\u00a0 Podle standardu FCI je pak bi\u0161onek charakteristick\u00fd veselou, hravou a \u010dilou povahou a je \u0159azen do skupiny 9, tj. spole\u010den\u0161t\u00ed psi.\u00a0 Pokud by mezi zkouman\u00fdm vzorkem bylo v\u00edce zastoupeno plemeno s odli\u0161n\u00fdm temperamentem, je mo\u017en\u00e9, by v\u00fdsledky dopadly jinak. Neexistuje sice \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 relevantn\u00ed studie, kter\u00e1 by tento jev zkoumala v souvislosti s mno\u017e\u00edrnami, nicm\u00e9n\u011b studie Factors associated with aggressive responses in pet dogs<\/em> uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee plemeno p\u0159edstavuje d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd faktor ve v\u00fdskytu ps\u00ed agresivity.<\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00ed\u010diny<\/h4>\n

Pro abnorm\u00e1ln\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed pozorovan\u00e9 v\u00a0tomto vzorku m\u016f\u017eeme naj\u00edt v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed po\u010det potenci\u00e1ln\u00edch p\u0159\u00ed\u010din. Nejv\u00edce konzistentn\u00ed se zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdmi daty jsou dv\u011b: prvn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu m\u016f\u017eeme hledat ve stresem<\/strong> vyvolan\u00e9 psychopatologii; druhou pak v\u00a0nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 ran\u00e9 socializaci spojen\u00e9 s\u00a0nedostatkem podn\u011bt\u016f<\/strong>, kter\u00fdm jsou psi mimo mno\u017e\u00edrny b\u011b\u017en\u011b vystavov\u00e1ni. V\u00edce o p\u0159\u00ed\u010din\u00e1ch v n\u011bkter\u00e9m v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Zdroje:<\/strong><\/p>\n

American Kennel Club: Official Standard of the Bichon Frise<\/em>. Dostupn\u00e9 na: http:\/\/cdn.akc.org\/BichonFrise.pdf<\/a> (Sta\u017eeno 14. 10. 2015).<\/p>\n

\u010ceskomoravsk\u00e1 kynologick\u00e1 unie: FCI – Standard \u010d. 215, bi\u0161onek<\/em>. Dostupn\u00e9 na: http:\/\/www.cmku.cz\/soubory\/plemena\/215.doc<\/a> (Sta\u017eeno 14. 10. 2015).<\/p>\n

Hsu, Y., Sun, L.: Factors associated with aggressive responses in pet dogs, v: Applied Animal Behaviour Science<\/em> 3-4\/2010, s. 119 \u2013 120. Dostupn\u00e9 na: http:\/\/www.appliedanimalbehaviour.com\/article\/S0168-1591%2810%2900036-5\/abstract<\/a> (Sta\u017eeno 11. 10. 2015).<\/p>\n

McMillan, F. D., Duffy, D. L., Serpell, J. A.: Mental health of dogs formerly used as \u2018breeding stock\u2019 in commercial breeding establishments, v: Applied Animal Behaviour Science<\/em> 135\/2011. Dostupn\u00e9 na: http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0168159111003005<\/a> (Sta\u017eeno 10. 5. 2015).<\/p>\n

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U 83 % ps\u016f z mno\u017e\u00edren byly zaznamen\u00e1ny poruchy chov\u00e1n\u00ed, uk\u00e1zala studie z roku 2011 Mental health of dogs formerly used as \u2018breeding stock\u2019 in commercial breeding establishments, kter\u00e1 byla v\u016fbec prvn\u00edm kvantitativn\u00edm v\u00fdzkumem zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edm se t\u00e9matem ps\u016f z mno\u017e\u00edren. C\u00edlem t\u00e9to studie bylo ov\u011b\u0159it zpr\u00e1vy o tom, \u017ee u velk\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed ps\u016f odebran\u00fdch z […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-193","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","post-preview"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nemnozdoma.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/193","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nemnozdoma.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nemnozdoma.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nemnozdoma.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nemnozdoma.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=193"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/nemnozdoma.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/193\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":447,"href":"https:\/\/nemnozdoma.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/193\/revisions\/447"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nemnozdoma.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=193"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}